Auxiliaries

1. to do:
   • do
   • does
   • did
2. to have:
   • have
   • has
   • had
3. to be:
   • be
   • am
   • are
   • is
   • was
   • were
   • have been
   • has been
   • had been

Ordinary verbs

Regular verbs

Ending - ed for
Past simple/Past
Participle. e.g.: to talk = talked - talked

ed is pronounced after t/d
e.g.: to nod = nodded
to unite = united

and in adjective past participles
e.g.: beloved, bossed, naked, wicked